There are two manner ins which I could have invested two times as much on doughnuts. I could have purchased two times as many doughnutsI could have bought the very same variety of doughnuts however got truly fancy ones and paid twice as much, or some mix thereof. Right? If we're spending two times as much as other high-income countries, we're achieving that by either doing twice as much health care, paying twice as much for the exact same quantity of healthcare, or some combination.
Overall costs is quantity times cost. This notion that we're overusing healthcare, that we're doing so much to our clients, we're delivering so much healthcare, that's why we invest so much. All the policy things has to do with trying to decrease that overuse, our culture of overuse. I would state that much of the policy focus has been on the quantity side of things.
Let's take a look at the information. One hypothesis I often hear is, as an American culture, we fast to go the doctorat the drop of the hat, I get a little discomfort, Americans are off to see the medical professional. We first ask the question, let's look at physician sees per capita (a health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking losartan).
This is physician sees per capita in a given year: The mean is about 6. 6, and the United States is about 4. By the way, in Japan, the mean is 13. The typical Japanese sees their doctor more than as soon as a month. For each 24-year-old who hasn't gone in 4 years, there are people who are going every other week.
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6 and we're a good bit below that. We're not seeing the physician as much as these other countries. Then individuals take a look at that and state, "Ah, possibly the problem is inadequate. Not enough avoidance, inadequate medical care, and it's all causing a lot of hospitalizations. The issue is overuse of medical facilities.
We stated, let's take a look at hospital discharges per population. And here is the mean, right, 149 per thousand population. And here is the United States: a little bit second-rate. Remarkably, Germany appears like a little bit of the outlier, where hospitalizations per population are much, much higher. The other thingso this is simply hospitalizations, right? Health center discharges per populationanybody have a sense of how our lengths of stay compare to those of other countries, these other countries? We're method much shorter, way shorter.
is? Yeah, 3. In the Medicare population it's like 4, four and a half, due to the fact that they're a little bit older, however in the 3 to four days. In Japan, about 14. Right? I was in Japan a couple of years ago visiting a neighborhood hospital. It was exceptional to me. There were clients sitting around playing cards around a table.
Right? It's like they got the four days of IV, then they changed to the oral, and now we're just observing them two days post-oral prescription antibiotics, simply making certain they're fine. It's fascinating in regards to, if you believe about it: less hospitalizations, much shorter lengths of stay. And what you understand is we spend far fewer days in the hospital than any other high-income nation.
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The third, on this overutilization bit is that, the issue is we do a lot of tests and treatments. I put a little asterisk therein to advise myself to make a point, which is, obviously, when you talk about we do a lot of tests and procedures, a huge part of that hypothesisa huge part of the driving factor in the policy world, and I enjoy to get into more on thisis the sense that the issue is that the physicians in Americawe're just out there overtesting, overprocedurizing, charge for service.
So, let's look at some empirical information, and there's a little bit of assistance for some of this and not so much for others, but let's look at Substance Abuse Treatment the information. MRIs. MRIs, we are high. Sure, we have more MRIs per population than typical, but not some crazy outlier. Knee replacements, here we actually are top.
We have more weight problems than nearly all of these nations, in fact, than any of these nations, so it's not an overall surprise that we're going to get more knee replacements. Hip replacements, I anticipated comparable numbers on hip replacements. I said, "Oh, our knee replacements are high, our hip replacements are going to be high." Remarkably, not a lot.
Meaning, once again, we see Germany appearing near the top, but we're really a little second-rate. Coronary angioplasty, a procedure that has gotten a great deal of attention for concerns about overuse. Sure enough, we're a little bit on the high side, and here's Germany again ... Once again, what we see is we're a little high up on some things but not always others, and here's Germany on coronary angioplasty.
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health care cost is mostly about offering excessive care, about overutilization. Right? I do not see it. We have less hospitalizations, less medical professional check outs - how is canadian health care funded. Tests and treatments, I see as a combined bag. Right? We do more MRIs, and knee replacements, and angioplasties. We do fewer hip replacements. The method I consider it is, when it comes to utilization of health care services, we're above average on some things, we're below par on other things, and usually, we're pretty averageon usage.
Another fast one, I'm going to just reveal you this data and then keep going. Actually, this is one I have actually even stated publiclywithout data and it turns out I was wrongthe one notion that has actually come up over and over again is that all these nations are primarily medical care, we're primarily specialists, which the specialist-primary care doctor mix is off.
Then the very first time my colleaguesI remember they entered into my workplace and they stated here's the information on specialty mixand the information was that here was the mean across these countries, and here was the U.S., right in the middle. I didn't believe it. I simply thought this can't be right.
The percentage of medical professionals who are main care, and http://felixejui759.cavandoragh.org/some-ideas-on-which-of-the-following-are-characteristics-of-the-medical-care-determinants-of-health-you-need-to-know on the right is Sweden and Denmark, where it's only 2233% in France, 54% of physicians are primary carethe greatest challenge with this fact is everybody calls it all different terms. Is it general professionals? Is it generalists? Is it medical care physicians? What we did was we said, we don't care what you call it, let's speak about what individuals are really performing in the workplace.
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And after that we went to both national statistics offices of each of these countries in addition to three to five professionals from each nation, and we revealed them their information (what does a health care administration do). I remember speaking to the people from Switzerland and saying, "Hey, we find that 48% of your physicians are main care, based upon this definition.
The 43% for the U.S. comes from the Kaiser Family Structure, which is an exceptional source of information, using the AMA Masterfile nationwide service. There are other studies and data from the U.S. that put the number a little lower. We can have a debate about which number is best, however this is our best at doing an apples-to-apples comparison. how does electronic health records improve patient care.